Day 1 :
- Breast Cancer & Therapies
Session Introduction
Gianluca Franceschini
Catholic University, Italy
Title: Therapeutic nipple-sparing mastectomy combined with endoscopic immediate prosthetic breast reconstruction via axillary incision. A further step towards evidence-based and personalized surgery
Biography:
Associate Professor of General Surgery – Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome - Italy since 1st January 2017. Coordinator of integrated therapies for breast cancer at the Department of Women’ and Children’s Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome - Italy since 1 st July 2014. Senior Staff Surgeon- Breast Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome - Italy since 1stNovember 2001.
Abstract:
Introduction: Nipple-sparing mastectomy is an oncologically validated technique for selected breast cancer patients and allows to improve aesthetic results and patients' quality of life. Conventional skin incisions are often a suboptimal solution due to the visibility of the scars. Aim of this work is to show our innovative technique, which allows to perform nipple-sparing mastectomy, lymph-node surgery, and endoscopic immediate prosthetic breast reconstruction using a single cosmetic axillary incision.
Materials and methods: Between June 2016 and October 2019, 14 consecutive patients underwent therapeutic nipple- sparing mastectomy with endoscopic immediate reconstruction via axillary incision; inclusion criteria were cup A or B breasts and tumors less than 3 cm in diameter. Data were recorded in order to evaluate reproducibility, feasibility, safety, aesthetic outcomes and patients' quality of life.
Results: Mean age was 46 years old (range: 34-54 years); median tumor size was 1.7 cm; average follow-up time was 11 months (range 3-42); median operation time was 340 minutes; mean hospital stay was 4,1 days. Tumor-free margins were obtained in all 14 cases. No local-regional recurrence occurred during follow-up. No major complications were experienced. No systemic complications were observed. All patients were satisfied with their aesthetic results, especially the absence of visible scars.
Conclusions: Therapeutic nipple-sparing mastectomy with endoscopic immediate prosthetic reconstruction via axillary incision is a safe and appropriate procedure in cup A and B breasts, alternative to conventional techniques. It allows to improve aesthetic outcomes and patients' quality of life thanks to a single well-hidden axillary scar.
Violeta Pirana
Women in Support of the Fight against Breast Cancer, Kosovo
Title: Kosovo, as a young developing country, in Europe is facing breast Cancer
Biography:
She is an Associate of Women in Support of the Fight against Breast Cancer is supporting breast cancer survivors to receive better treatment; Family Support for Breast Cancer Patients; Psychosocial rehabilitation after medical treatment; Assistance with materials needed after treatments such as wigs, dentures etc.
Abstract:
Kosovo, as a young developing country, in Europe is facing breast Cancer, like other developed countries, but Kosovo is facing breast cancer without health insurance, without new drugs in the essential list which prolongs life in metastatic cases, without breast cancer register, with the loss of workplace during treatment, especially in the private sector.
Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among women, impacting 2.1 million women each year, and also causes the greatest number of cancer-related deaths among women. In 2018, it is estimated that 627,000 women died from breast cancer – that is approximately 15% of all cancer deaths among women. While breast cancer rates are higher among women in more developed regions, rates are increasing in nearly every region globally. Early diagnosis strategies focus on providing timely access to cancer treatment by reducing barriers to care and/or improving access to effective diagnosis services. The goal is to increase the proportion of breast cancers identified at an early stage, allowing for more effective treatment to be used and reducing the risks of death from breast cancer. Screening consists of testing women to identify cancers before any symptoms appear. Various methods have been evaluated as breast cancer screening tools, including mammography, clinical breast exam and breast self-exam
Some data on Kosovo Breast cancer Compare with other EU or neighbors countries, show Kosovo has a lower number of patients diagnosed with breast cancer at earlier stages of disease and this number increase in later stages, meaning there is a lack of awareness about BC among public and too much stigma among population.
Sadaf Ambreen
University of Okara, Pakistan
Title: Sequence analysis of mutations pattern among breast cancer patients in Pakistan
Biography:
Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, P.R. China IPFP Fellow Higher Education Commission, Assistant professor Department of Bioinformatics, University of Okara, Pakistan Department of Zoology, University of Okara, Pakistan.
Abstract:
Breast cancer is the causes of female mortality across the world. Among Asian countries, Pakistan has the highest rate of breast cancer. NGS analysis of cancer provides a platform to identify the novel drugs for human breast cancer. The regulatory mechanisms of critical cancer-associated genes involved in the progression of tumors help us to develop future therapeutics. Human breast cancer shows a diversity of histological types of mammary tumors compared to other types of cancer. Hereditary breast cancer is due to an inherited mutation in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Comparative analysis of Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies offer higher throughput and lower per-base cost as compared to legacy approaches such as Sanger sequencing. Several laboratories have recently reported applying an NGS approach for diagnostic testing of mutations in the BRCA1/2 genes or can help us to scan the Pakistani population and we can save many lives.
In our study, Whole-genome sequences of Pakistani patients are used to find the mutational processes generating somatic mutations in human breast cancer. Proteincoding cancer genes are carried exonic mutations. Mutational profiles (TCGA data) of the Pakistani population with different populations revealed the PIK3CA gene mutation among all populations. In this study, the conservation for amino acid substitutions H1047R and H1047L will be identified which may suggest that this mutation plays a functional role in developing breast cancer in a diverse population range. Additionally, the role of germline and somatic variants on protein structure and interactions has been explored in detail. Through structure-based virtual screening, we identified inhibitors against target breast cancer protein mutations. Our proposed inhibitors may be used as therapeutic agents in cancer cells and will largely benefit the community in terms of cancer treatment within a short period. Collectively, this study suggests the somatic genetic changes and germline in breast cancer demonstrate the tumorigenesis is quite similar and very different. This area of research needs more care to explore the complete image of breast cancer in Pakistan.
Huang Wei Ling
Medical Acupuncture and Pain Management Clinic. Brazil
Title: Chakras’ and Energy Deficiencies in the Genesis of Breast Cancer
Biography:
Huang Wei Ling, born in Taiwan, raised and graduated in medicine in Brazil, specialist in infectious and parasitic diseases, a General Practitioner and Parenteral and Enteral Medical Nutrition Therapist. Once in charge of the Hospital Infection Control Service of the City of Franca’s General Hospital, she was responsible for the control of all prescribed antimicrobial medication and received an award for the best paper presented at the Brazilian Hospital Infection Control Congress in 1998.
Abstract:
Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer-affecting women worldwide. Western current perspectives are starting to comprehend cancer as a systemic disease from the start. In TCM, the formation of cancer is associated energy deficiencies with Heat retention. Spleen deficiency is one of the major causes of formation of Phlegm leading to the formation of tumors. There are studies associating the five elements in TCM with chakras’ energy centers and measuring the chakra, the author will be measuring the internal massive organs energy. Purpose: To demonstrate that there are chakras’ energy deficiencies chronically present in the body of the patient with breast cancer. Also, to analyze the importance of treating the subject systemically, through the replenishment of chakras’ energy centers. Methods: two cases report, both were female patients (42 and 56years old), with the diagnosis stress and anxiety in the first and the second with diagnosis of sub retinal fluid retention, both patients with past history of breast cancer twenty and six years ago, removed with surgery. Chakras’ energy measurement through radiesthesia procedure was done. Results: all the chakras were in the lowest level of energy, rated in one out of eight. Conclusion: patients with history of breast cancer have chakras’ energy centers deficient in energy and the replenishment of these chakras’ is the major importance to prevent future formation of metastasis, new cancer in other sites or the formation of any chronic diseases.
Saeed M. Nagash
King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Title: Investigating Human Mammaglobin-A as a Potential Prognostic Marker in Breast Cancer.
Biography:
Saeed M. Nagash a BSc graduate in Medical Laboratory Technology from Umm Alqura University in 2012 and studying now for MSc degree in clinicsal chemistry department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. At the same time,I work in a medical laboratory, as a medical laboratory specialist, in Al-hada Armed Force Hospital in Taif, Saudi Arabia, since 2014 up to date.
Abstract:
Breast cancer (BC) stands out as the most diagnosed cancers in women. Therefore, it is important to diagnose BC patients at the early stages. Human Mammaglobin (MAM-A) is recently shown to specifically express in BC and its increased expression were found in primary breast cancer comparing with undetectable or low levels in non-breast tumors or normal breast tissue. Our aim was to investigate the level of expression for MAM-A as prognostic marker, and its correlation with the clinicopathological characteristics of BC patients. A set of 746 cases of BC, including 371 cases of lymph node (LN) positive, were employed. The immunohistochemistry staining of MAM-A was scored manually under a light microscope based on the intensity of the patterns measured stained slides by Automated Immunohistochemistry (IHC) slide staining system. The results showed significant increase in expression of cytoplasmic MAM-A, associated with triple negative, HER2 expressions and hormone receptor phenotypes, and p-values were (p<0.001), (p<0.01), (p=0.021) respectively. However, nuclear MAM-A expression showed no significant correlation with any clinicopathological features in this study. Moreover, Kaplan-Meier analysis showed no significant difference in survival behaviour with positive expression of cytoplasmic or nuclear MAM-A and no association with tumor recurrence were observed. Therefore, our results showed that MAM-A may act as prognosis marker for some type of BC that may involve triple negative, hormone receptor and HER2 phenotype.