Breast Cancer Research & Therapies

Epidemiology of Breast Cancer and Risk Factors

The epidemiology of breast cancer encompasses the study of its occurrence, distribution, and determinants across populations. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, with incidence rates varying by region, age, and ethnicity. Known risk factors include gender (although men can also develop breast cancer), advancing age, family history of breast cancer, inherited genetic mutations (such as BRCA1 and BRCA2), dense breast tissue, early menstruation, late menopause, hormone replacement therapy, alcohol consumption, obesity, and lack of physical activity. Understanding these risk factors helps in assessing individual susceptibility and guiding preventive measures. Epidemiological studies also investigate environmental influences, lifestyle factors, and socioeconomic disparities impacting breast cancer incidence and outcomes. By identifying and addressing these factors through research, education, and public health initiatives, we aim to reduce the burden of breast cancer and improve survival rates globally.